William Wordsworth was born on 7 April1770, at Cockermouth, Cumberland, to the steward of an estate, Wordsworth's early life was relatively hard. His mother died when he was eight, and only four years later his father died, leaving him an orphan at the age of thirteen. Through so disjointed a childhood, according to his own account, he was thrown much on his own resources, developing an early fondness for the beauty and sublimity of the Lake District that touched the core of his life and his beliefs. In 1795 Wordsworth was reunited with his sister, Dorothy, and the two moved to Alfoxden House, near Bristol, in 1797, where they met Samuel Taylor Coleridge. The two young poets traveled in Germany over the winter of 1798-1799. When Wordsworth returned to England, it was to recover the grounds of his youth. He and his sister Dorothy now settled in Grasmere, in the Lake District, where they rented a small house called Dove Cottage. Here, energized by his recovered roots and the natural beauty of his surroundings, Wordsworth's genius flourished, and he added a second volume of poems with mainly pastoral themes to a reprinting of Lyrical Ballads that appeared in 1800. It was headed by a preface in prose that constituted Wordsworth's manifesto for a new naturalism in English verse. With the "Lake School" of Romantics now in place, Wordsworth worked with great commitment during these years, composing a first draft of his autobiographical Prelude, and the many fine lyrics included in Two Volumes when it appeared in 1807. He succeeded his friend Robert Southey to become Poet Laureate in 1834, and passed away, in serene old age, on 23 April 1850, the anniversary of Shakespeare's death.